This pebble-edged core was made from metasedimentary stone from Woolgoolga on the mid-north coast of New South Wales.  This is the traditional country of the Gumbaynggirr people.  The core likely dates to the Late Holocene.

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This core was made on a thick but relatively flat water-rounded beach or river cobble.  The stoneworker struck percussion flakes unifacially through the cobble, creating a sharp edge around the entire periphery.  The edge of the core was carefully adjusted by removing relatively small flakes after the cobble was initially shaped by the removal of large percussion flakes.  The larger flakes were struck in such a way that most of the cortex was removed from this surface.  Archaeologists refer to this type of core as ‘pebble-edged’ because the cutting edge is at the junction of the original cobble surface and the flake scars.

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Holocene assemblages from the north coast of New South Wales have a variety of pebble-based core tool shapes, and cobble-based tools have also been recorded in Tasmania and southwestern Australia.  A similar cobble-based tool industry, called the Hoabinhian, was widespread in southeast Asia in the early and middle Holocene, prompting early arguments for a cultural connection between these areas.  The large, cobble-based tools were called ‘sumatraliths’ by some early researchers.  Cobble-based industries are also known from western Europe and North America, but the similarities in these tools is most likely the result of convergence on an effective approach to manufacturing stone tools from rounded cobbles.